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Tuesday, January 6, 2009

Useless Sabermetrics Stat Of The Month: BABIP

This is my first installment of pointing out terrible sabermetric stats. Note before this first article gets underway that I don't dismiss all sabermetrics stats and/or formulas. Just the lame, repetitive statistics that were clearly meant for MLB scouts, but somehow sabermetric guys in a last ditch effort to make themselves sound fantasy relevant pull them out in hopes they will sound smart and informative. (Was that a run-on sentence?) Sabermetrics does provide us with some very useful stats like OBP, Strikeouts per 9 innings, and OPS amongst a few others. Those will not be the ones that I point. However, I will point out stats that have zero value to a fantasy manager and in most cases will create so much work that you may in fact damage your team by the sheer volume of time you waste applying these statistics to your fantasy team.

This month is Batting Average Balls In Play or better known as BABIP. The pure and simple definition of this stat is the accurate batting average based on the number balls put in play by an individual batter. If that is not clear enough, its the batting average minus the at bats where the batter gets a strikeout. If you like formulas, try this:
(Correction 1/7/2009 ) I did simplfy the formula, because it was a repative formula to begin with the actual formula is
BABIP = (Hits - HR / AB - HR - SF)

The reason I simplified it was it was misleading. most players donot sacrifice at all or that much, especially the players we care about. removing HRs was a mistake, and I should have kept that in there. Everything else in the article still applies because I was basing it on the actual formula.


BABIP= Total Hits / (Total At Bats - Strikeouts)

Wow. It is because of stats like these that I refuse to call sabermetric guys experts because they don't analyze baseball, they analyze and twist numbers. Otherwise, teach Algebra.

First lets cover what this statistic was originally meant for. If you don't already know sabermetrics (SABR Society for American Baseball Research), was the brain child of Bill James, but made more famous by Billy Beane and Theo Epstein. It was a tool developed for scouts to use in order to evaluate players on more of a team value basis. BABIP would be a significant tool used by managers and scouts to determine how often the hitter gets a hit when he makes contact. This is a great stat for young players because scouts feel they can be taught to make better contact, or used for pitch-hitters. Either way its far to random and not very useful for an everyday batter.

So I'm going to tell why BABIP (Batting Average Balls In Play) is not only meaningless, but its a repetitious, misleading, and in general stupid statistic. Its repetitious because from a fantasy point-of-view its the same thing as batting average! Really, it's just a better average because you remove one way a player can make an out. Call it IABIPO, (Inflated Average Balls In Play Only). Am I the only person who sees that its the same thing as regular old batting average only inflated by removing a key stat, strikeouts. Let's examine this from a fantasy baseball perspective because what's important in all this is how helpful it is to a fantasy baseball manager. If a batter has a batting average of .333, is he a good fantasy baseball player? Are you going to draft him or are you going to need to see his inflated BABIP of .370 to know he's truly good and worth drafting? The same goes for bad players, besides what does it tell you that batting average doesn't tell you?

Now, the reason it's misleading is you can't remove strikeouts or eliminate homeruns from your fantasy players, so why have a stat that does that for you? Seriously, why have a stat that does something no fantasy league does, nor does Major League Baseball for that matter do? On the back of a baseball card do you see BABIP? I can see why it works for scouts, but for fantasy baseball it's wrong and misleading. So unless your fantasy league removes strikeouts of doesn't allow homeruns (LOL) for a batter then BABIP it is in fact 100% misleading. I'll make sure this is clear. If a batter has a batting average of .250 (100 hits in 400 at bats 20 homeruns), his BABIP would be .2 with 50 strikeouts. So, not to be repetitious like BABIP can be, but unless your league will use the .242, its meaningless!!

Finally, its just stupid. The whole point of a batting average is the number of hits divided into the number of at bats. Everyone uses it that way, all experts, MLB, and all fantasy leagues, so why should you use a statistic that leads you down the wrong path. Its like looking at a discounted retail item with a price tag that says $42.99, but when you get to the cash register they say $57.99. They tell you, "oh, we just removed the discount to inflate the price."

Alright, I'll be fair and try to be positive and think of a reason I would use it. Let me think.........................................................................................................Give me a second.................................................................hold up, I'm onto something..............nope, nothing.

Sorry can't think of one reason. BABIP reminds me of kung fu in movies. You always see all those kung fu guys doing all those useless showoff moves with their hand and legs flailing all over the place before a fight, but in the end it does nothing to win the fight. That is BABIP, lots of show, but absolutely hollow. Of course when some of the sabermetric guys read this they will try to talk over your head with fancy diatribe to get you to believe in this stat and say what an idiot I am. So the next time some sabermetrics analysis brings up BABIP ask them one simple question.
"In the context of fantasy baseball, how is BABIP effective with batting average already established and how is it applied to an individual player in a fantasy format?" I guarantee you will stump the sabermetrics experts and he'll probably mumble, "luck" or something.

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15 Comments:

Anonymous Anonymous said...

Great article. I loved it. You have to read this one over at FantasyPros911.com. Its like a guy named Steve Shane disagrees and the whole bunch of there writers jump on him and then one of them tries to change the subject to Adam Dunn. Funny stuff.

Keep writing. Most writers are afraid to disagree like their site.
Here is the article if you want to read it.
http://www.fantasypros911.com/statistical-sleepers-batters-babip.html

Tray Parker
Chicago, Il.

January 7, 2009 at 4:21 AM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Hey man, I hate to tell you this, but they are ripping you over on FantasyPros911.com. I commented on your article and they started cracking on you. I'm sorry. After that mess, I have one less site to read.
Tray Parker,
Chicago, IL

January 7, 2009 at 6:09 AM  
Blogger The True GURU said...

Tray,
Thanks for the comments. I'll go read the article, but ignore what they say. For some reason they have it out for me, so I just laugh it off. I guess they are still sore that someone out there disagrees once and a while. Keep reading my stuff and check out the podcasts. I give it to you straight, no holds-barred. Let me go read this article.

January 7, 2009 at 6:33 AM  
Blogger The True GURU said...

Here is the comment I left on their site. I'm done trading and going back to bed:

This is what I get to wake up too? I get up to trade stocks and all this? I got post on my site going to yours and this?

Listen Lenny, unlike Cincotta I don't go around pretending to be other people and post on blogs or email. I guess I'll take the credit for anyone who writes disagreements on your site. Kepp checking in on my show Lenny. It's always nice to see you. By the way, I'm sure you are smart enough to realize I'm on the West Coast and I was sleeping 2-3 hours ago when that post was put up.

Nice article Troy. I disagree with it, and I didn't mean to put up mine yesterday with yours being here, but you know how I feel about Sabermetrics and you know I don't read the this site.

As for Patrick's comments, I ignore that. I think last year proved my analysis was spot on, and Patrick was wrong most of the time. However, he bring sup luck allot, and finished in last place in my expert league. I mean I won the closer battle. I also naile dEllsbury, Braun, Pujols, Sabathia, and I won the FBS Expert League, but Patrick is great at disputing things since he disputes health claims for a living. Of course my analysis was good enough for Patrick to join me, to out duel Paul and Lenny on Paul's show and to guest appear on Tony's show numerous times. Must be me.

Patrick, you showed your character when you put a taped message from your phoen onto the Internet. No need to chat with you.

Oh, and to add:
I love what Parick says about the "industry". I dare him to speak out and say who says bad things about me. I gaurantee they all work for FantasyPros911. Don't worry, Paul will chan ge the site name again next year.

January 7, 2009 at 6:50 AM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Todd,
I was reading your about us. Are you guys still located in Las Vegas? I'm in town for the CES convention. I emailed you my phone number. Maybe we can meet for lunch or dinner? I'm staying at the Treasure Island. Call me.

-Tray

January 7, 2009 at 7:15 AM  
Blogger GOD Loves You said...

Todd, going to have to disagree with you about it being a meaningless stat.

The formula is
HITS minus HR divided by AT BATS minus HOME RUNS minus STRIKEOUTS plus SACRIFICE FLYS.......for the algebra people:
(H-HR)/(AB-HR-K+SF)

It's actually more useful for pitchers than hitters, in my opinion....I won't even bother listing the BABIP formula for pitchers. :-)
The reason why it is so useful is there is a mean established by the major league players. If a pitcher has an abnormally low ERA compared to his previous years, most of the time it can be attributed to a low BABIP. The same can be said for a pitcher who has an abnormally high ERA, odds are, his BABIP was higher than the established major league mean. The mean is around 290-300.

A good example is Dan Haren. During the 07 season, he had an ERA of 1.91 during the first half of the season. The 2nd half....4.31. Was he a better pitcher in the 1st or 2nd half or just lucky/unlucky? Take a look at his BABIP and you will see what really happened.....230 BABIP for 1st half, 380 BABIP for 2nd half.

If you dig deep into the stats, you can see instances like this throughout all of baseball. BABIP is basically "luck" and has nothing to do with the skill of the pitcher. They are always going to regress to the mean established by the major league players.

By researching stats like this, you can see if the pitcher or hitter merited the stats they accumulated during the season. A higher/lower BABIP can be attributed to their success or lack thereof. It does show more than the ERA or BAVG.

For the hitters, they usually establish their own based on a 3 yr average. A good example for the hitters is Nick Swisher from 08. While Nick isn't the best hitter for average in the MLB, he did establish a BABIP around 284, netting him a BAVG around 250. Take a look at his BAVG from last season and you see a nice 219 ugh! Take a closer look and you notice he had a BABIP of 251.....much lower than his established BABIP of 284.

Astute owners see this low BAVG and realize he was unlucky and is bound for a rebound this season...at least in the BAVG department.

Now you can say it is meaningless....and to many it is, but BABIP and actually sabermetrics tell you WHY something happened. Saber can lead you down the road to see if the stats were/are a fluke or genuine.

I know I typed a lot....hope it makes sense.

Also, if anyone reads this that knows me...I'm not the "Patrick" being referred to in the previous comments. It's another Patrick. :-)

January 7, 2009 at 12:23 PM  
Blogger The True GURU said...

Patrick,
I do admit I simplified it by not caring about the HRs and SFs. Primarily because the SFs are a hard stat to find and in most instances are relatively useless. However, I will correct the formula because I don't want to mislead.
I'm not talking about using BABIP for pitchers. I'm talking about using it for hitters.

I respect your disagreement and your analysis is exact, but you have to admit that it’s just a useless stat for fantasy baseball. Your Nick Swisher example you stated it perfectly. I haven't verified your numbers, but I assume they are correct because you know your stuff. Here is my take and it’s from a fantasy baseball perspective.
I look at Nick (actually I am looking at him now), and I see that his batting average over the last three years was .254, .262, and .219. I can see that by simply adding and averaging is BA's over the past three years I see his 3-year average is .245, and his career average is .244. Patrick what I just showed you, plus his homeruns which are 35, 22, and 24 is all that I need. Just based on that I can tell he had an off year in 2008. Also if you note his strikeouts didn't change much over the 3 years, so that ineffective. BABIP isn't going to tell me why that occurred, but I can come up with reasons like, new stressed team, maybe he was worried about someone stealing his playmate girlfriend, maybe he played with an injury we didn't know about and he popped up or grounded out more. The bottom-line is, in his short career he's only hit over 30 HRs once, and around 22 the rest of the time. I don't need a formula to figure out that his homeruns may be lower or higher than expected or impacted his average on balls in play. You think a simple formula can determine that, but I think batting average covers it and just looking at his numbers can tell you that he is expecting a better season average wise, but not for HRs. Overall though, we both could be wrong. Your BABIP may say he'll do better and my analysis of his statistics would tell me he is due for a better season, but in the end we both could be wrong. Heck Swisher might win the MVP this year, but I wouldn't count on it. You have to admit that in most cases when the average trends down, so does BABIP because homeruns go down, strikeouts CAN increase, and sacrifices are just useless because they have a small to nil impact on most players. I do appreciate the comments, but like many sabermetric stats is work that is a waste and when you have multiple leagues like most of us do, you don't have time to run intense averages just to figure out a players value.

But thank you for pointing out that I didn't show the actual formula and thanks for the post. If you could, point out for the readers a time when BABIP helped you find a player where Batting Average and a quick glance at his other stats wouldn't do the same?

January 7, 2009 at 3:14 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

I have to admit True Guru that you can't discount the entire formula. However, despite your lack of mathematical skills I see your point and agree. I just think its overkill. Most Sabermetrics are overkill and hopefully one of these days others will figure that out. I liked how you mentioned with it was intended for.

Anyhow, great article and I will be reading more.

Larry

January 7, 2009 at 4:59 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

"If you could, point out for the readers a time when BABIP helped you find a player where Batting Average and a quick glance at his other stats wouldn't do the same?"

Simple. 2008 Hunter Pence.

How many people had him ranked as a Top 15-20 OF in most leagues with his 2007 performance? If you look at ESPN/CBS and sites like those, you'll see his ranks and average draft rankings were fairly high.

The problem with your rejection of BABIP is that you are simply viewing it incorrectly. BABIP is not meant to use used like a counting stat as a method to rank players. It is to provide you insight as to the validity of a player's stats.

BABIP is related to a player's line drive percentage. On average, all players should have an expected BABIP of their line drive percentage + .120. That means if a player hits 20% of his balls in play for line drives, he should have a BABIP of about .320. There are decades of data that support this overall.

So what do you use BABIP for? Investigating small sample sizes.

In 2007, Hunter Pence his 19.4% line drives. He should have had a BABIP of around .310 with that rate. What was his BABIP that year? .378 What does that tell me? That tells me Pence was probably playing a bit over his head, and I should expect his numbers to regress.

Guess what? They did.

You want another example? Check out Jacoby Ellsbury. Same idea.

There are situations where some players will routinely out perform their expected BABIP. This is normally due to players with very high speed and high groundball rates (Ichiro and Figgins are examples of this).

But overall, this is what I use BABIP for, and that's what sabermteric fantasy players use it for. A sabermetric outlook in fantasy sports says this:

"I know player X had this line, but how TRUE was that line?"

So in 2008, when I looked as Hunter Pence with a critical eye, I let someone else waste a pick on him after I did more investigating of WHY his had the stat line he did. My conclusion is that it was inflated, and I reaped the benefits of it.

January 8, 2009 at 8:00 AM  
Blogger The True GURU said...

Thanks for your last post. I'd say your name, but you didn't leave one. Your post is exactly why I think Sabermetrics is so sad. I don't need to study line drive rate, BABIP, ground balls, etc... to spot a good or bad fantasy player. I love the two guys you came up with. In 2008, I was not super high on Hunter Pence, but I did rank him 22nd over all. Now, without looking at BABIP I knew there was the risk of the dreaded sophomore slump. You see, your BABIP data did nothing to prove anything about a player one year in the majors. 1 key variable that I think allot of us forget about is the fact that he was a rookie and many pitchers never saw him, so he did good. Was it a true measure of his skills? YES, or just about. Now in 2008 he did slump. My first assumption from watching him play and in case you are not aware of this formula its
Watching Player Play = TV + Me + (Game on TV X Amount of time)

What I saw with Pence is what I see with allot of rookies in there second season with especially with teams that are struggling, they push too hard. The Astros opened the year in April 13-15. There were expectations and he got off to a slow start. Then the team sizzled in May and so did Pence. Astros went 17-11, Pence batted .346. When the entire team is doing badly, it can affect young players far more than veteran. It impacted him. The next two months the Astros nose-dived 20-30. Pence batted .200 in June.

I'm not saying that everything his impacted by his team, but I think expectations were high for Pence, he pushed himself to hard and when that happens, you swing at bad pitches, pop up and strikeout. Same thing happened to Ellsbury during the great "Ellsbury Slump of 2008. Ellsbury had a horrible Mid-June thru Mid-August. Again, the Red Sox struggled as well. That puts allot of pressure on a young lead off batter and it cost him his rookie of the year. Plus, the variable that BABIP and Sabermetrics absolutely never consider is pitchers figured out something about Ellsbury. They figured out he would swing at bad pitches out of the zone. They found out when he was in his slump and it prolonged it. Once Jacoby and his hitting coach spotted it, it was fixed and he went on to have solid August and a great September batting .340.

That is why Sabermetrics fail fantasy baseball owners and why, unless you are truly lucky you will never with it. You see, I bet the Red Sox hitting coach used BABIP to determine just how bad Ellsbury was and used as a tool to determine where to start on finding a solution to his slump. NOT TO DETERMINE if you should draft or trade him. I think your use of BABIP is highly susceptible to variables of which you cannot control and becomes 100% useless. Try watching games and listening to what the hitter says in interviews. It’s much more helpful.

January 8, 2009 at 2:54 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Todd,
What about Sabermetric guys who were down on Ryan Braun last year? That last guy didn't mention him. Did he not draft Braun because of his BABIP? I remember Patrick DiCaprio saying on your podcast he would not draft him.
-Ryan

January 8, 2009 at 3:07 PM  
Anonymous Antonio said...

Ummm...I'm not going to get into a long thing here, especially since this is such an old post, but it's funny to read back your comments on Nick Swisher...he's raking, by the way, as many predicted with the use of...wait for it... sabermetrics. It's a better indicator for pitchers, yes, but it's obviously helpful in analyzing hitters, too. And yes, I both watch baseball regularly and analyze it. You have to admit fantasy owners who study sabermetrics are on to something. At the very least it can help explain result-based stats by analyzing defense-independent data. You're right that sabermetrics help instructors, scouts and players identify faults, but they also helps to target guys to stay away from. And listening to what players say helps too. Brandon Phillips doesn't think OBP (along with taking walks and generally being selective at the plate) matters. Okay, I won't draft him.

- Antonio D'Arcangelis, Rotoexperts.com

May 12, 2009 at 12:20 PM  
Blogger The True GURU said...

Antonio,
Thank you for the post, but what I've tried to say and I will continue to say is you didn't need Sabermetrics to know that Nick Swisher was a better player then his 2008 numbers said. I wouldn't say a .270 avg and 8 home runs in the NEW Yankee stadium is raking it in, but for every player you find I can find players where it fails. It's a farce and its a philosophy meant to enhance scouting and not replace it. I do not subscribe to it at all, nor will I ever. I'm not about to base my projections and my fantasy teams on formulas and variables that simply cannot be accurate except once and awhile, and that is when Sabermetric guys say, "See I told you so." Did Sabermetrics say that Holliday would be batting .242 or Upton .170? How about Adam Lind or even Orlando Hudson off to great starts? Please don't post in my blog and bring only Nick Swisher to defend Sabermetrics.

Again, I've never seen a full blown sabermetric person win a league that wasn'r comprised of mostly sabermetric guys. Never. Sabermetrics sound good and look fancy, but they do not translate into championships and that is what we are here to do.

May 12, 2009 at 1:09 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Is BABIP (batting average balls in play) the biggest farce of a baseball stat? Some argue that this is a useful stat, especially for pitchers. Meaning that if a pitcher has a high BABIP he is just unlucky and if another one has a low BABIP he is lucky. Huh? Maybe the high BABIP is due to the pitcher just not being very good and so most of the hitters hit the ball really hard, and thus a higher BABIP. The big flaw for those who believe in BABIP is assuming all balls hit off the bat are equal. Meaning no distinction between a hard line drive versus slow dribblers to second base. Or you think that all balls hit to the field have an equal chance of being fielded. That's a flaw in my book. I'll stick to the old school of thinking that good pitchers get hit hard less frequently (and vice versa) and thus they will have a lower BABIP. Not just mere luck. BABIP is constantly mentioned by the ESPN analysts, and it needs to stop. Any thoughts?

June 9, 2009 at 2:57 PM  
Blogger The True GURU said...

You know I agree with you on most Sabermetric stats. I don't actually use BABIP for my fantasy pitchers and I don't think it has relevance before or after the season, but during the season it has some usefullness. Thanks for the post!

June 12, 2009 at 12:11 PM  

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